Certification
Billions of taxpayer dollars have been spent building a system of "certification" for jobs and skills. Why? So that in the online Human Resource Management System, on the electronic resume - and on the electronic job requirements listing, a box can be checked and there will be a definition for the box. Example:
Position:
Nurse's Aide
The project to establish "standards" and certifications began in 1990 with the Secretary's Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills (SCANS) but it was formalized in 1994 when the National Skills Standards Board was authorized in Title V of the 'Goals 2000: Educate America Act'. It became Public Law 103-227 on March 31, 1994 when the President signed it. It should be noted that while the documentation says that it's voluntary, all government programs begin as voluntary and then become mandatory down the road.
To learn about the Secretary's Commission
on Achieving Necessary Skills, Joe Esposito's book, "Tangled
Web" is highly recommended.
Update
Pullout.
And of course, the
SCANS reports
that were published by the U.S. Labor Department.
National Skills Standards Board (NSSB)
Skill Standards "Around the Globe" BLS International Cooperation Immigration Employers & HR Directors (because what started out as a national system of labor management - became a global slave trading system)
Standards Developed from Initiatives
Career Clusters Structure Career Clusters presentation by Idaho Workforce Development Council
Hospitality and
Tourism Cluster Model
Marketing, Sales and
Service Cluster Model
Manufacturing Cluster
Model
It should be noted, when they discuss the clusters, they always make it appear that it's for adult vocational education, but the truth... "The Real" is that this system is cradle-to-grave and the vocational training begins with worker skills in kindergarten and hands-on, work-based learning (involuntary servitude) begins in junior high school.
"Technology, Life and Careers" for Grades 6-7
